Dynamic Safety Assessment and Enhancement of Port Operational Infrastructure Systems during the COVID-19 Era

Seaports function as lifeline systems in maritime transportation, facilitating critical processes like shipping, distribution, and allied cargo handling. These diverse subsystems constitute the Port Infrastructure System (PIS) and have intricate functional interdependencies. The PIS is vulnerable to several external disruptions, and the impact of COVID-19 is severe and unprecedented in this domain. Therefore, this study proposes a novel general port safety framework to cope with recurring hazards and crisis events like COVID-19 and to augment PIS safety through a multi-state failure system. The PIS is divided into three critical subsystems: shipping, terminal, and distribution infrastructure, thereby capturing its functional interdependency and intricacy. A dynamic input-output model is employed, incorporating the spatial variability and average delay of the disruption, to determine the PIS resilience capacity under the stated disruptions. This study simulates three disruption scenarios and determines the functional failure capacity of the system by generating a functional change curve in Simulink. This study offers viable solutions to port managers, terminal operators, and concerned authorities in the efficient running of intricate interdependent processes and in devising efficient risk control measures to enhance overall PIS resilience and reliability. As part of future studies, given the difficulty in obtaining relevant data and the relatively limited validation of the current model, we aim to improve the accuracy and reliability of our model and enhance its practical applicability to real-world situations with data collected from a real-world case study of a PIS system.

Social innovation in higher education: Business and social impacts and implications

The role of higher education is to benefit society at large to generate sustainable socio-economic returns. Therefore, research and knowledge creation must be rendered to achieve anodyne to overcome social challenges and foster new and better practices. Hence, social innovation is the need of society, especially from higher education providers. Especially after the outbreak of COVID-19, there is a need of social innovation by all stake holders in order to attain a sustainable economy. Although, to provide catalyst to the model of social change and innovation, there is a need of an entrepreneurial model for higher education. However, most of the prior studies with the reference of education are not related with the innovation but with societal impact and produce educational change. Thus, this chapter has been written purposely to describe social innovation by higher education providers. The chapter also includes various examples of social innovation with respect to the higher education sector in order to make readers understand the importance of social innovation in the pre-COVID-19 and post-COVID-19 worlds. © 2023, IGI Global. All rights reserved.

The Effect Of Rhabdomyomas On Underlying Cardiomyopathy: A Case Report

Case Presentation: Term male infant born to SARS-CoV-2 positive mother with infant testing negative. ECG for perinatal bradycardia revealed ventricular pre-excitation. Echocardiogram showed asymmetric LV hypertrophy with prominent trabeculations, subaortic narrowing with no pressure gradient, and normal biventricular systolic function. Rapid increase in RV pressure estimates and NT-proBNP in first week if life concerning for diastolic dysfunction. Anti-arrhythmic therapy initiated for SVT with subsequent resolution. Later, developed progressive LV dilation and systolic dysfunction. Myocardium showed regions resembling non-compaction and others concerning for infiltrative process. Cardiac MRI showed no obvious tumors, but rhabdomyomas could not be ruled out given similar appearance to myocardium. Due to worsening heart failure, everolimus therapy initiated to target potential rhabdomyomas while awaiting genetic testing for tuberous sclerosis. Subaortic narrowing and LV hypertrophy improved within days, and LV appearance became more consistent with non-compaction. Genetic testing revealed a TSC2 gene variant consistent with tuberous sclerosis. Systolic function improved, and patient discharged on afterload reduction. Echocardiogram 6 months post-discharge shows continued LV dilation and mild systolic dysfunction. Discussion(s): Although outflow obstruction and arrhythmias are common with cardiac rhabdomyomas and can cause dysfunction, our patient developed progressive dysfunction in the absence of outflow tract gradient or prolonged arrhythmia. As rhabdomyomas subsided, it became clearer that he had an underlying cardiomyopathy. We suspect that rhabdomyomas in the setting of abnormal myocardium led to abnormalities in myocardial contractility and compliance causing combined systolic and diastolic dysfunction. After complete resolution of rhabdomyomas, cardiac function has improved. However, he continues to have ventricular dilation and mild dysfunction attributable to cardiomyopathy. It is unlikely that mother's SARS-CoV-2 infection played a role as infant tested negative and clinical picture was not consistent with myocarditis.

Impact of Mobile Technology and Use of Big Data in Physics Education During Coronavirus Lockdown

The speed of spread of Coronavirus Disease 2019 led to global lockdowns and disruptions in the academic sector. The study examined the impact of mobile technology on physics education during lockdowns. Data were collected through an online survey and later evaluated using regression tools, frequency, and an analysis of variance (ANOVA). The findings revealed that the usage of mobile technology had statistically significant effects on physics instructors' and students' academics during the coronavirus lockdown. Most of the participants admitted that the use of mobile technologies such as smartphones, laptops, PDAs, Zoom, mobile apps, etc. were very useful and helpful for continued education amid the pandemic restrictions. Online teaching is very effective during lock-down with smartphones and laptops on different platforms. The paper brings the limelight to the growing power of mobile technology solutions in physics education. © 2018 Tsinghua University Press.

Differential impact of COVID-19 on mental health and burnout.

BACKGROUND: There may be differential impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health and burnout rates of healthcare professionals (HCPs) performing different roles. AIMS: To examine mental health and burnout rates, and possible drivers for any disparities between professional roles. METHODS: In this cohort study, online surveys were distributed to HCPs in July-September 2020 (baseline) and re-sent 4 months later (follow-up; December 2020) assessing for probable major depressive disorder (MDD), generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), insomnia, mental well-being and burnout (emotional exhaustion and depersonalization). Separate logistic regression models (at both phases) compared the risk of outcomes between roles: healthcare assistants (HCAs), nurses and midwives (nurses), allied health professionals (AHPs) and doctors (reference group). Separate linear regression models were also developed relating the change in scores to professional role. RESULTS: At baseline (n = 1537), nurses had a 1.9-fold and 2.5-fold increased risk of MDD and insomnia, respectively. AHPs had a 1.7-fold and 1.4-fold increased risk of MDD and emotional exhaustion, respectively. At follow-up (n = 736), the disproportionate risk between doctors and others worsened: nurses and HCAs were at 3.7-fold and 3.6-fold increased risk of insomnia, respectively. Nurses also had a significantly increased risk of MDD, GAD, poor mental well-being and burnout. Nurses also had significantly worsened anxiety, mental well-being and burnout scores over time, relative to doctors. CONCLUSIONS: Nurses and AHPs had excess risk of adverse mental health and burnout during the pandemic, and this difference worsened over time (in nurses especially). Our findings support adoption of targeted strategies accounting for different HCP roles.

Pandemic Crisis, Contact Intensity and Gender Disparity in a Developing Economy*

The paper attempts to analyse the grotesque dimensions of gender disparity of lockdown as a policy response to the pandemic crisis. In doing so, we develop a multi-sectoral distortion-ridden general equilibrium model which applies to small open developing economies. Lockdown results in supply-chain disruptions (SCDs), physical restrictions on labour gathering, adverse demand shock and an escalation of demand for the high-skilled capital-intensive product. Not only factor intensity ranking but also contact intensity of sectors has several dimensions. These dimensions include inter alia female labour force participation, the burden of unpaid domestic chores on women and gender wage disparity with unemployment as well. © 2023 The Economic Society of Australia.

RISK OF VENOUS THROMBOEMBOLISM IN COVID-19 PATIENTS WITH INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE: A POPULATION-BASED MATCHED COHORT STUDY

Background Venous thromboembolism (VTE), is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Inflammation increases the risk of VTE, and it is a well-recognised complication of both inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and COVID-19. Purpose To compare the risk of VTE among individuals with and without IBD following a positive COVID-19 test. Method Using health administrative data from Ontario, Canada we conducted a retrospective matched cohort study.All Ontario residents with a positive SARS-CoV-2 PCR test between January 1,2020 and December 30,2021 who had been diagnosed with IBD prior to their COVID-19 infection (identified using a validated algorithm) were matched to 5 individuals without IBD based on year of birth, sex, mean neighbourhood income quintile, date of positive COVID-19 test, and rural/urban residence. Individuals with a cancer diagnosis in the 5 years prior to their first COVID-19 positive test were excluded. Individuals were followed from positive COVID-19 PCR test until VTE event, death, migration out of Ontario or March 31, 2022.VTEs were identified from emergency department or hospitalization data using ICD-10 codes. Incidence rate of VTEs among individuals with IBD were assessed at 1, 6 and 12 months. Proportional cause-specific hazards models compared the risk of VTEs in people with and without IBD, treating death as a competing risk and controlling for vaccination status (2nd dose ≥14 days prior to positive COVID-19 test) and a history of VTE (VTE in the 5 years prior to infection). Result(s) There were 4293 people with IBD (44% Crohn's disease, mean age ±SD 46.1±17.2 y) matched to 20,207 with out IBD (mean age 45.3±16.8 y) with a positive SARS-CoV-2 PCR test. Within 1 month of a positive COVID-19 test, the crude incidence rate of VTE in individuals with IBD was 4.77(95%CI, 4.75-4.80) per 100,000 person-days compared to 8.25(95%CI, 8.20-8.30) per 100,000 among people without IBD.Within 6 months, these rates were 1.86(95%CI, 1.86-1.87) and 2.12(95%CI, 2.11-2.12) per 100,000 person-days among people with and without IBD, respectivley. Within 12 months, these rates were 1.59(95% CI, 1.58-1.59) and 1.42(95% CI, 1.42-1.42) per 100,000 person-days among people with and without IBD, respectively.After adjusting for vaccination status and history of VTE there was no difference in the risk of VTE for people with and without IBD (HR 1.08, 95%CI, 0.64 to 1.83). Conclusion(s) IBD patients with COVID-19 were not more likely to experience a VTE infection compared with the general popluation. The risk of VTE was highest soon after COVID-19 and declined thereafter. Please acknowledge all funding agencies by checking the applicable boxes below None Disclosure of Interest None Declared

A Review Study on Associated Factors Ofmyopia Amongschool Goingchildren

Myopia is a prevalent yet confusingocular disorder. Myopia,formerlyconsidered abenignrefractivecondition, is nowassociatedwithanincreasedriskofdevelopingseveraloculardisorders,evenatmodestlevels.Myopiaisaglobalproblemthatexpe rts have documented. Despite the fact that the specific cause of myopia remains a mystery, it appears to be a combinationof genetic and environmental factors, making the prevention and treatment of the condition difficult and highly personalised.Myopia can have a positive impact on both the quality of life and the health of the eyes if it is prevented. Progressive additionlenses (PAL), topical atropine, ortho-k (orthokeratology) lenses and multifocal contact lenses are some of the most commoncontrol options currently available. Myopia has gained prominence in optometry studies as a result of its high prevalence. It ismore common for children to suffer from problems, such as extreme myopia and myopic macular degeneration, if they begindevelopingmyopiaatanearlyage.Thepurposeofthisstudywillbetoconductaninquiryintotheepidemiologyandriskfactorsfor myopiainschool-agedchildren(aged 6-19years)aroundtheworld.Copyright © 2022, Anka Publishers. All rights reserved.

Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in a Pediatric Heart Transplant Recipient: A Case Report

Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) is an inflammatory reaction that occurs weeks after SARS-CoV-2 infection. Solid organ transplant recipients may be protected due to immunosuppression, but this is not yet established in the literature. A 13-month-old male status post heart transplant for ACTC1 gene-positive dilated cardiomyopathy had a post-operative course complicated by rhinovirus/enterovirus, respiratory syncytial virus, and norovirus infections within the first two months. He then presented at 11 weeks post-transplant with high fevers, macular rash, emesis, and diarrhea in the setting of SARS-CoV-2 exposure three weeks prior. Viral panel was negative for active infections, but SARS-CoV-2 antibodies were positive. He developed a mild troponin leak and rising inflammatory markers, ferritin, D-dimer, and NT-proBNP, meeting clinical criteria for MIS-C. No cardiac dysfunction or coronary dilation was present on 2D echocardiography. Tacrolimus levels had large fluctuations in the first three days but later stabilized. Intravenous immunoglobulin, steroids, and anakinra were given with clinical improvement and rapid normalization of laboratory findings, allowing discharge from the hospital in one week. Repeat echocardiogram 10 days after discharge was stable. There is a paucity of MIS-C cases in pediatric solid organ transplant recipients, with only one liver transplant recipient described in the literature. We hypothesize chronic immunosuppression protects against inflammatory reactions, supported by the fact that Kawasaki disease is also not described in transplant recipients. To our knowledge, this is the first reported MIS-C case in a pediatric heart transplant recipient. Recent viral infections may have led to immune system activation that allowed development of MIS-C. The patient has demonstrated good response to anti-inflammatory therapy;however, close follow up for long-term sequelae is warranted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] Copyright of Journal of Heart & Lung Transplantation is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

A Comparative Study on the Impact of Online and Blended Learning

The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has accelerated the transformation of educational institutions across the globe by implementing online and blended learning, which becomes an important aspect of the instruction and learning processes. The present study aimed to investigate the impact of both online and blended learning methods on grammatical knowledge and skill acquisition via an experimental approach. The study recruited 76 first-year medical learners to participate in an experiment for 7 weeks. Specifically, the experimental group studied the learning material face-to-face for 7 hours with 8 hours online, while the control group studied the same material online for 15 hours. The data were collected through pre-test and post-test. Although both approaches significantly improved learners' grammar performance, the study results discovered significantly higher learners' performance in a blended learning environment compared to solely online learning. © The Author(s) 2023.

Public Health Laboratories Response to SARS-COV-2 Diagnostic Testing during COVID Pandemic in Pakistan

During COVID-19 Pandemic, diagnostic laboratories played a vital role in outbreak investigation, surveillance, patient monitoring, and therapeutic effectiveness, and hampered the transmission cycle globally. In Pakistan, the health department took an initiative to build BSL-III labs at divisional levels. A qualitative study was conducted among healthcare professionals from 13 major public health national-level laboratories through in-depth interviews with key informants to note down the challenges they faced during the COVID-19 pandemic during diagnostic testing. In this study, 77 % of public health laboratories faced sampling, administrative, and leadership issues. 53 % of laboratories have faced the unavailability of well-trained staff and human resources while both the biosafety and biosecurity protocols, and the lack of resources were compromised in 69 % of labs. Some lab staff (54 %) felt the wastage of resources in terms of excessive testing and fake sampling, while others (54 %) discussed a lack of training and work experience issues. As the majority of the technical lab staff was hired in temporary consultancy mode so 61 % of issues were related to late salaries. 38 % of issues were about fake reporting pressure from higher authorities. 69 % had issues with the continuous supply chain of kits, reagents, PPEs, etc. The work environment was not up to the mark of 69 %. High workload and mental health issues were faced by 92 %, while waste management was 23 %, shortage of lab space for massive testing by 38 %, and stigma and discrimination among healthcare workers and the general public due to involvement in COVID-19 testing were felt by 46 %. © Pakistan Academy of Sciences.

Automatic COVID-19 prediction using explainable machine learning techniques

The coronavirus is considered this century's most disruptive catastrophe and global concern. This disease has prompted extreme social, psychological and economic impacts affecting millions of people around the globe. COVID-19 is transmitted from one infected person's body to another through respiratory droplets. This virus proliferates when people breathe in air-contaminated space with droplets and microscopic airborne particles. This research aims to analyze automatic COVID-19 detection using machine learning techniques to build an intelligent web application. The dataset has been preprocessed by dropping null values, feature engineering, and synthetic oversampling (SMOTE) techniques. Next, we trained and evaluated different classifiers, i.e., logistic regression, random forest, decision tree, k-nearest neighbor, support vector machine (SVM), ensemble models (adaptive boosting and extreme gradient boosting) and deep learning (artificial neural network, convolutional neural network and long short-term memory) techniques. Explainable AI with the LIME framework has been applied to interpret the prediction results. The hybrid CNN-LSTM algorithm with the SMOTE approach performed better than the other models on the employed open-source dataset obtained from the Israeli Ministry of Health website, with 96.34% accuracy and a 0.98 F1 score. Finally, this model was chosen to deploy the proposed prediction system to a website, where users may acquire an instantaneous COVID-19 prognosis based on their symptoms. © 2023 The Authors

New trends in digital marketing emergence during pandemic times

Purpose: This study relies on an integrated model to study the role of instant mobile messaging apps in the pandemic. The COVID-19 pandemic is reshaping different forms of businesses;one of them is digital marketing. Many aspects of digital marketing augmented in response to the consequences of the virus. A comparative study between Pakistan and Iraq is conducted to investigate the resistors of innovation with the mediation of intention toward actual system usage. It examines the behavioral intentions and actual behavior of individuals in response to the resistance toward innovation. Design/methodology/approach: A total of 800 responses were collected through a convenient sampling method from individuals residing in Pakistan and Iraq in the first wave of COVID-19. The data was analyzed through covariance-based structural equation modeling;SPSS and Smart PLS 3.0 were used as efficient data analysis tools in the study. Findings: The results inferred that individuals are faced with resistance to innovation when they adopt innovative technology. It was inferred that technology adoption is not poised through image both in Pakistan and Iraq. Intention toward actual behavior was determined to be a potential mediator, which enhances the stature of the integrated model. Originality/value: The significance of this study considering practical and theoretical implications is incorporated for marketer's policymakers and consumers, along with recommendations for future research. © 2022, Emerald Publishing Limited.

The impact of work-family balance on manufacturing employees? mental health during pandemic br

Purpose. The study aimed to measure the impact of manufacturing employees' high work pressure on the urge for their family-life balance, and the impact of high work-life pressure and the urge for family-life balance on manufacturing employees' concern for mental health during COVID-19 pandemic from an emerging economy perspective. Methodology. The study has picked 20 items under three different variables such as work-life, family-life, and mental health. The structured questionnaire has been developed based on the literature survey and divided into two parts. The initial part has contained demographic information and the second part has contained measure items of the model. The questionnaire has been designed through Google Docs and distributed via Facebook messenger, E-mail, WhatsApp, IMO, etc. 400 data was collected through the snowball sampling technique and 201 data (response rate 50.25%) was found usable for the research. The exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, and structural equation modeling were run to test the proposed research framework with the help of MS Excel 2007, SPSS 22.0, and AMOS 23.0. Finding. The findings revealed that high work-life pressure had a positive significant impact on the urge for family-life balance and both the high work-life pressure and urge for family-life balance had a positive significant impact on manufacturing employees' concern for mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic. Originality. The novelty of this research is the manufacturing employees' context during the COVID-19 pandemic.

The perception of various media formats of educational content by the youth audience

The development of information and communication technologies, along with the influence of restrictions caused by the global coronavirus pandemic, leads to a revision of current education technologies, in which the format of presentation of educational material plays an important role. The format of the presentation of educational content directly affects the involvement of students in the process of obtaining information, which, in turn, contributes to better memorability and assimilation of the material. The article attempts to assess the perception of the youth audience representatives of various formats of content presentation used in the learning process: visual, auditory, text. It is also made an attempt to determine the most and least popular formats among the audience. The research is based on a questionnaire of respondents with experimental elements. During the survey of 250 respondents, it was revealed that the video format is a priority in terms of ease of perception, memorability, and ease of presentation of the material. © 2022 The Authors, published by EDP Sciences.

An Android-Based Application to Detect COVID-19 and Pneumonia Using Deep Learning

The novel coronavirus disease has produced destructive effects on human life, taking away millions of lives. The biggest bottleneck in detecting the COVID-19-affected patient is the limited availability and time-consuming features of conventional RT-PCR tests and the lack of specialized sample extraction laboratories. Early detection of this virus may help in the advancement of a medication approach and disease control strategies. In this research, we have developed an Android smartphone application that can detect pneumonia and COVID-19 from chest X-ray photographs using convolutional neural network deep learning algorithms (VGG16 and VGG19). The COVID-19, pneumonia, and healthy chest X-ray images are collected from various repositories of a public database, Kaggle. After applying the data augmentation technique, 9,000 chest X-ray photographs were used for training, including 3,000 images for COVID-19, pneumonia, and normal cases. For testing, 3,000 chest X-ray photographs were collected, with 1,000 images for all three cases. VGG16 model achieved better performance than the VGG19 with a training accuracy of 98.31% and validation accuracy of 95.03%. Next, the deep learning-based automatic classification framework is deployed into a smartphone application. Finally, the application has been tested and assessed by a focused group, and analytical results have been presented. © 2022 IEEE.

New trends in digital marketing emergence during pandemic times

PurposeThis study relies on an integrated model to study the role of instant mobile messaging apps in the pandemic. The COVID-19 pandemic is reshaping different forms of businesses;one of them is digital marketing. Many aspects of digital marketing augmented in response to the consequences of the virus. A comparative study between Pakistan and Iraq is conducted to investigate the resistors of innovation with the mediation of intention toward actual system usage. It examines the behavioral intentions and actual behavior of individuals in response to the resistance toward innovation. Design/methodology/approachA total of 800 responses were collected through a convenient sampling method from individuals residing in Pakistan and Iraq in the first wave of COVID-19. The data was analyzed through covariance-based structural equation modeling;SPSS and Smart PLS 3.0 were used as efficient data analysis tools in the study. FindingsThe results inferred that individuals are faced with resistance to innovation when they adopt innovative technology. It was inferred that technology adoption is not poised through image both in Pakistan and Iraq. Intention toward actual behavior was determined to be a potential mediator, which enhances the stature of the integrated model. Originality/valueThe significance of this study considering practical and theoretical implications is incorporated for marketer's policymakers and consumers, along with recommendations for future research.

Female genital mutilation (FGM) trauma and mental health support during the UK lockdown: exploring women's experiences

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to report findings from interviews with seven African-heritage women attending a female genital mutilation (FGM) Clinic in the north of England, during the COVID-19 lockdown. The Clinic, established several years before the pandemic, provides specialist therapeutic support to women and girls from minority ethnic communities who are affected by harmful "traditional" practices, including FGM. The services provided by the Clinic include early interventions, peer support, community engagement and empowerment around FGM. Design/methodology/approachData was collected during an online focus group discussion with seven women who had received counselling for FGM, to gain insight into their lived experiences of therapeutic support during the pandemic. FindingsUsing Braun and Clarke (2006) six-step thematic analysis, four superordinate themes derived from the data: consistency and continuity;safety in shared experience and creativity;feeling heard, feeling stronger;and altruism and desire for change. Research limitations/implicationsIt is important to recognise some limitations within this study. It is based on one focus group discussion that involved seven participants, who had experienced FGM, were living in a targeted area and whose mental health had been further compromised by the COVID-19 pandemic. Practical implicationsThe findings of this study indicate that it is essential to consider participants' experiences of receiving therapeutic support during the COVID-19 pandemic. It was observed that emotional stressors linked with participants' experiences of FGM may be exacerbated by those related to COVID-19. Social implicationsThere is a need to conduct similar research, perhaps on an individual basis, that would reach a wider sample of women from ethnic minority populations who are survivors of FGM, including those from FGM practicing communities who have been hospitalised through their deteriorating mental health. This would add to the small but growing body of evidence, to provide a better understanding of the experiences of their mental health needs during the COVID-19 pandemic and perhaps better identify effective therapeutic interventions. Originality/valueThese themes provide an insight into these women's experiences of the trauma associated with FGM and receiving mental health support during the pandemic.

At the Heart of Learning: Affect, Identity and Care

Over the last few years, learning scientists have become increasingly interested in research around student's motivational and emotional processes, guided by a commitment to affirm learners' individual identities and support justice-oriented design and pedagogies. With ample evidence to show that the Covid-19 pandemic has exaggerated learner's struggles with their thoughts, feelings, and identity, the importance of such research has never been higher. This symposium brings together an international group of scholars with varying research contexts (online, in-person, hybrid, blended), working with students of different age groups (K-12, Undergraduates, pre-service teachers) to present their work around affective learning and teaching. The symposium's focus on affective learning designs that acknowledge learner emotions, affirm their identity, foster designer empathy and build a pedagogy of care will springboard deeper discussions in the ISLS community to further explore "global perspectives on equity and justice that promote the empowerment of educational innovation for all” (ISLS, 2022). © ISLS.

Production Profiling of a Long Dead Well - A Prime Case Study of Operational and Technical Excellence Using Simultaneous Lifting and Logging Services

Reservoir surveillance and production optimization will remain at the forefront of company strategies in the new post-COVID19 environment. We anticipate that companies will focus more on producing assets and go the route of production enhancement rather than exploration. Accordingly, production logging will remain an important surveillance method in evaluating and strategizing production-optimization schemes pertaining to flow-characterization from reservoir-to-wellbore. This work is culmination of operational and technical excellence that enabled the revival of a loaded-up well through simultaneous lifting-and-logging technique. Conventionally, wireline is the preferred mode of conveyance for production-logging;however, well must be continuously flowing throughout acquisition timeframe. Kicking-off the well using nitrogen-lift and then bringing in wireline-unit for production-logging in Well A-4 was not feasible as previous attempts confirmed well to load-up in few hours post-offloading. Therefore, success of this project was heavily dependent on initial planning stage, which accounted for all available data including production-history, well-events, intervention-details, fluid analysis and well load-up behavior. Next, a multi-domain approach was adopted while bringing-out each domain from its silos and strategize collectively to simultaneously kickoff the well with nitrogen and acquire real-time downhole production-logging data through smart-coiled-tubing (CT). This was first implementation of concurrent lifting and logging operation in Pakistan. By deploying the approach mentioned above through smart CT (using optical-telemetry-link inside the CT-string coupled with downhole-assembly), synchronized lifting-and-logging operation was carried-out successfully. Well was observed to swiftly go back to load-up conditions post-kickoff;however, continuous well dynamics monitoring downhole enabled us to log perforated interval across multiple time domains. Well was activated through CT nitrogen-injection but depicted continuous loading tendency, which was captured downhole in form of flow-transients. Real-time job optimization ensured vigilant monitoring and selection of right-time to acquire meaningful zonal-contribution data for evaluation and diagnostic solutions. Finally, operational excellence was complemented through technical data analysis and interpretation, integrating passes data with transients and stationary measurements. Ultimately, acquired data analyzed using an integrated lens involving fluid velocities, downhole density, temperature, and water hold up data. Consequently, enabling us to decipher gas and water-entries on a zonal-basis across perforated sandstone reservoir. Copyright © 2022, Society of Petroleum Engineers.